Introduction Byrnihat’s particulate matter concentration between 2023–25 surpassed that of Delhi and numerous cities that had become synonymous with the pollution charts themselves. As a result, Byrnihat earned, for itself, the distinction of being not only India’s but also ‘the world’s most polluted city’. When citing such evidence, it is easy to criticise the government for inaction. However, pre-empting this reductionist view of inactivity, empirical records demonstrate t
Introduction India’s Anti-Defection Law, introduced through the Tenth Schedule in 1985, aimed to stop the rampant party-switching that had weakened governments in the 1960s and 1970s. However, four decades later, the law has not ended defections but changed how they occur, with partisan Speakers and strategically planned two-thirds mergers turning it from a democratic safeguard into a tool of political consolidation. This essay critically examines that transformation, drawing
Organised by the Department of Political Science, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, on 4 May 2026. Original research papers were invited from research scholars and undergraduate students for presentation in the seminar. Inaugural Session The speaker welcomed the dignitaries of the national seminar that focused on various themes and challenges in social sciences. Post the lighting of the lamp ceremony, the speakers addressed the gathering. Dr Ram Bilash Yadav, Assistant Pro
